Recent Articles by this Author
Feeder Mechanisms and Feeder Mechanism Die Damage Patterns, 2018 to Present
By Pete Apple
Why This Study Still Matters
Studying feeder mechanism die damage patterns from the early 20th century to the present creates real challenges. Researchers...
Feeder Mechanism Die Damage Patterns (1990–2018): A Diagnostic Guide for Collectors
By Pete Apple
The Hidden Story Behind Die Damage
Modern coin presses operate at remarkable speed. They strike coins with precision measured in fractions of a...
The Case of the Missing Master Hub
By Pete Apple
Something vanished from the United States Mint sometime between 2008 and 2022. No announcement followed. Even more striking, no one seems to...
Feeder Mechanisms and Die Damage Patterns (1945-1990)
By Pete Apple
Feeder mechanism damage remains one of the more challenging areas of modern mint-error attribution. Researchers must work with incomplete documentation about coining...
Feeder Mechanisms and Die Damage Patterns (1896–1945)
By Pete Apple
Understanding feeder-mechanism die damage patterns from the late 19th through the mid-20th centuries is complicated by two key factors: incomplete technical documentation...
Certificates of Authenticity for Retired U.S. Mint Dies: What the Records Reveal
Since at least 1995, the United States Mint has operated a program that sells retired and defaced coinage dies to the public. Each die...













